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  1. #1
    Senior Dog Snowshoe's Avatar
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    Neuter/Spay - Pros, Cons, Risks, Benefits - Research Article Links

    Here is a list of research articles I've put together on the pros and cons of neuter/spay. The first article deals only with health and does seem to present the most information in an easy to read and understand format and I believe it to be a very good place to start reading. The second article deals with health too but also some societal and behavioural concerns. One link is to a radio show talk and one link is a rebuttal of the one above it. It is all very interesting (brain wracking) reading.

    These articles are listed, with two exceptions, in the order I discovered them. That does not mean the ones at the end of the list are necessarily the newest information as it sometimes takes a while for information of this sort to become available to pet owners on the internet.

    The exception to the order are articles three and four. The third deals with behaviour differences noted between altered and intact dogs and I found it to be fascinating and quite surprising, quite contrary to much of what we’ve all been told in some areas. Labrador Retrievers are one of the breeds studied in this research but make sure to note the summaries sometimes differ from individual breed reports.

    The fourth link is to the resource used to compile the information used in the third article. As it is so different from most information known to date on behaviour and details the reasons it was compiled in the first place I included it. It has a section where you can do a behaviour survey on your own dog and it will be rated as to other dogs of the same breed, if your breed is one of the ones in the intial survey.

    Most of these articles are the actual results of scientific research or they summarize the results of the research of others. Most do cite the sources used and you can search these sources out for more detailed background.

    All of these have the url link where I first found them, then the title, then the authors. The links change sometimes and you may have to search for them yourself by author or title.

    Some things I will add now that are my own personal observations or obtained from the comments of others that are not in the articles but may affect your decision of when or whether to alter your dog. Some doggy day care, boarding kennels, dog parks and some training centres may not allow intact dogs. You may have to pay a higher fee to license an intact dog where you live. Some Vets will increase the price to alter after a certain age, often after six months. In some cases the price will depend on the weight of your dog but in some cases I have known of it to double. The age at which to alter your dog may be part of the contract you have with your breeder and in some cases acting outside your contract may void your health guarantee.

    Read carefully, prepare a list of what affects you and your dog. Be aware that some things are gender and breed specific. I strongly suggest you discuss your research with your Vet and your breeder. Good luck. I hope the information here helps you make the best decision for your dog and you in your situation.


    https://www.frontiersin.org/articles...DCg4mqUucLhZaE
    Assisting Decision-Making on Age of Neutering for 35 Breeds of Dogs: Associated Joint Disorders, Cancers, and Urinary Incontinence
    Benjamin L. Hart1*, Lynette A. Hart2, Abigail P. Thigpen2 and Neil H. Willits3
    September 21, 2020

    https://www.naiaonline.org/pdfs/Long...uterInDogs.pdf
    Long-Term Health Risks and Benefits Associated with Spay / Neuter in Dogs
    Laura J. Sanborn, M.S.
    May 14, 2007

    https://avmajournals.avma.org/doi/pd...ma.231.11.1665
    Determining the optimal age for gonadectomy of dogs and cats,
    Margaret V. Root Kustritz, dvm, phd, dact

    https://www.cdoca.org/downloads/file...20Behavior.pdf
    Non-reproductive Effects of Spaying and Neutering on Behavior in Dogs
    Deborah L. Duffy, Ph.D., and James A. Serpell, Ph.D., Center for the Interaction of
    Animals and Society, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania

    Center for the Interaction of Animals and Society > Home
    Center for the Interaction of Animals and Society
    University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine
    - follow the drop down box on the left to CBARQ

    A Veterinary "Review" Article on Neutering, with Implications for Dalmatian Stone-Formers
    Veterinary "Review" Article on Neutering, with Implications for Dalmatian Stone-Formers Abstracted by Carroll H. Weiss
    Study Group on Urinary Stones
    Research Committee
    Dalmatian Club of America

    https://www.showdogsupersite.com/ken...vet/neutr.html
    NEUTERING MALE AND FEMALE DOGS
    Mary C. Wakeman, D.V.M.
    ©2003 for BREEDERVET

    https://www.littleriverlabs.com/neuter.htm
    The Question Of Neutering and at what age
    (Put together by Gregg Tonkin, Little River Labradors from postings by Pam Davol PHD and Chris Zink DVM, PhD, DACVP)

    https://leerburg.com/pdf/neutering.pdf
    Should You Neuter Your Dog?
    Ed Frawley, Leerburg Kennels * words are l e e r b u r g.com and L e e r b u r g Kennels

    https://www.traciehotchner.com/dt/fi...Villalobos.pdf
    The Bond and Beyond for VPN December 2008
    by Alice Villalobos
    Will We Change on Early Spay-Neuter?

    https://www.showdogsupersite.com/ken...ionindogs.html
    ISSUES REGARDING CASTRATION IN DOGS
    Mary C. Wakeman, D.V.M.
    ©2003 for BREEDERVET

    https://www.petresource.com/Articles..._neutering.htm
    New Views On Neutering
    By Ruth Marrion, DVM

    https://www.acc-d.org/2006%20Symposi...ession%20I.pdf
    Non-reproductive Effects of Spaying and Neutering
    Proceedings of the Third International Symposium on Non-Surgical
    Contraceptive Methods for Pet Population Control • Alliance for Contraception in Cats and Dogs - Alliance for Contraception in Cats Dogs
    SESSION OVERVIEW - Dr. John Verstegen

    https://www.peptech.com/HTML/Animal_...n_general.html
    A non-surgical method to suppress testosterone

    https://prdupl02.ynet.co.il/ForumFiles_2/23999370.pdf
    Pros and Cons of Neutering
    E. Hardie
    Department of Clinical Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.


    https://www.doglistener.co.uk/neutering/rspca.shtml
    RSPCA Admit to Spaying and Castrating Puppies AT SIX WEEKS OLD
    Stan Rawlinson MTCBPT.MPAACT
    Doglistener Behaviourist and Obedience Trainer

    https://users.lavalink.com.au/theos/...euter.htm#vacc
    Should I spay or should I no..? -- pros and cons of Spay-neuter
    Hungarian Vizsla Health Resource

    https://www.doglistener.co.uk/neuter...eutering.shtml
    Spaying and Castration (Neutering) Dogs and Cats A Stark Warning
    Stan Rawlinson, a full time Dog Behaviourist and Obedience Trainer.

    https://www.wholedognews.com/
    Spay, Neuter, and Cancer: Revisiting and Old Trinity
    Myrna Milani, BS, DVM

    https://www.caninesports.com/SpayNeuter.html
    Early Spay-Neuter Considerations for the Canine Athlete One Veterinarian's Opinion
    © 2005 Chris Zink DVM, PhD, DACVP

    https://www.columbusdogconnection.co...ebuttal%20.pdf
    Rebuttal to “Early Spay-Neuter Considerations for the Canine Athlete”
    Lisa M Howe, DVM, PhD, Dipl. ACVS Associate Professor, Small Animal Surgery Co-Chief
    Surgical Sciences Sect Dept of Vet Small Animal Clinical Sci
    College of Vet Med and Biom Sciences Texas A&M Univ College Station TX 77843

    https://www.pluggd.tv/audio/channels...episodes/4njnh
    Dog Talk Show #96 Tracie Hotchner (10-18-2008)
    Early spay/neuter may be harming our dogs! Hear Dr. Christine Zink, DVM, PhD, DAVCP on the physical benefits of delaying neutering and trainer Parvene Farhoody on how it can reduce aggression.

    https://www.antrozoologisenteret.no/.../art_breed.pdf
    Effects of breed, sex, and neuter status on trainability in dogs
    James A. Serpell* and Yuying Hsu†

    Castration, gonadectomy, neutering, in dogs
    Gonadectomy and behavior
    Dr Joël Dehasse

    https://homepage.psy.utexas.edu/home...lityReview.pdf
    Temperament and personality in dogs (Canis familiaris): A review and evaluation of past research
    Amanda C. Jones *, Samuel D. Gosling

    https://www.skeptvet.com/index.php?p...s-of-Neutering
    Evaluating the Benefits and Risks of Neutering
    Update Oct. 22, 2016 Thanks to forum member smartrock I now know the SkeptVet author is Dr. Brennen McKenzie, MA, VMD.

    https://www.petfinder.com/for-shelte...ay-neuter.html
    Pediatric Spay/Neuter
    Dr. Lila Miller, ASPCA

    https://k9harmony.co.uk/spaying-and-castration/
    Spaying and Castration – What Your Vet and the Rescue Centres May Not Tell You
    Pauline Waller, member #178 Professional Association of Applied Canine Trainers, - articles referenced and searchable

    https://www.champdogsforum.co.uk/cgi...ate#pid1123732
    To Castrate or Not? – Interesting discussion regarding a young male targeted by an aggressive older male.


    https://www.2ndchance.info/spayneuter.htm
    At What Age Should I Spay or Neuter My Dog or Cat?
    What Are The Advantages And Disadvantages Of Neutering My Pet?
    Revisiting The Idea Of Early-Age Neutering
    Ron Hines DVM PhD 10/05/09

    https://saveourdogs.net/category/health/
    Articles and links to Veterinary organizations opposing mandatory spay/neuter

    https://askdryin.com/blog/tag/dog-be...n-spay-neuter/
    Can Spaying Make Dog Behaviour Worse?
    Sophia Yin, DVM, MS March 5, 2009

    https://www.associationofanimalbehav...neutering.html
    The Effects of Spaying and Neutering on Canine Behaviour
    James O’Heare, Based on section from Aggressive Behavior in Dogs, 2006,

    https://www.petfriendlyworld.com/cha...ad.php?t=23096
    The Behavioural Effects of Canine Castration
    Hazel Palmer, 1993 See post #8 in the chat forum at Pet Friendly World.

    https://www.cdoca.org/downloads/file...20Behavior.pdf
    Does Spaying and Neutering Reduce Aggression?
    Dr. Polley DVM, 2001 American Dog Breeders Association

    GPMCF: Healthier Respect for Ovaries
    A Healthier Respect for Ovaries (in dogs)
    David J. Waters, DVM, PhD, Diplomate ACVS
    Director, Center for Exceptional Longevity Studies

    Gerald P. Murphy Cancer Foundation

    Message for women and dogs: keeping ovaries is linked to longevity
    Message for women and dogs: keeping ovaries is linked to longevity
    To the Purdue Research Park, https://www.purdueresearchpark.com

    https://www.rockllewellinsetters.com...talDec2009.pdf
    Exploring mechanisms of sex differences in longevity: lifetime ovary exposure and exceptional longevity in dogs
    David J. Waters,1,2 Seema S. Kengeri,1 Beth Clever,1 Julie A. Booth,1 Aimee H. Maras,1 Deborah L.
    Schlittler1 and Michael G. Hayek3


    https://www.avma.org/onlnews/javma/may09/090515j.asp
    AVMA: Mandatory spay/neuter a bad idea
    Javma News, May 15, 2009

    https://www.pet-informed-veterinary-...neutering.html
    Veterinary Advice Online: Male Dog Neutering

    https://www.pet-informed-veterinary-...g-spaying.html
    Veterinary advice Online: Dog Spaying (Spaying a Female Dog)
    Dr. Shauna O’Meara Pet Informed: https://www.pet-informed-veterinary-...com/index.html

    An Error Occurred Setting Your User Cookie
    Breed differences in canine aggression 1, Dec. 2008
    Deborah L. Duffy, Yuying Hsub, James A. Serpella

    https://cebp.aacrjournals.org/content/11/11/1434.full
    Endogenous Gonadal Hormone Exposure and Bone Sarcoma Risk
    Dawn M. Cooley, Benjamin C. Beranek, Deborah L. Schlittler, Nita W. Glickman, Lawrence T. Glickman, and David J. Waters

    Pyometra in the Bitch - The Information Website for the Health Welfare of the St Bernard
    Pyometra in the Bitch
    Jenny King

    Early Spay and Neuter | AKC Canine Health Foundation
    Early Spay and Neuter
    Podcast with Dr. Benjamin Hart

    https://www.akcchf.org/canine-health...r-in-dogs.html
    Bone Cancer in Dogs
    Dr. Jaime Modiano

    https://news.ucdavis.edu/search/news...lasso?id=10498
    Golden Retriever Study Suggests Neutering Affects Dog Health
    UC Davis, News and Information. Media Contacts: Benjamin Hart, School of Veterinary Medicine, (530) 752-1555, blhart@ucdavis.edu; Pat Bailey, UC Davis News Service, (530) 752-9843, pjbailey@ucdavis.edu

    https://www.plosone.org/article/info...l.pone.0055937
    Neutering Dogs: Effects on Joint Disorders and Cancers in Golden Retrievers
    Gretel Torres de la Riva, Benjamin L. Hart ,XThomas B. Farver, Anita M. Oberbauer, Locksley L. McV. Messam, Neil Willits, Lynette A. Hart

    https://www.parsemusfoundation.org/ovary-sparing-spay/
    Ovary Sparing Spay
    Parsemus Foundation works to advance innovative and neglected medical research.

    https://www.vizslacanada.ca/SNBehavi...taSnapShot.pdf
    Behavioral and Physical Effects of Spaying and Neutering Domestic Dogs(Canis familiaris)
    Summary of findings detailed in a Masters thesis submitted to and accepted by Hunter College
    by Parvene Farhoody in May, 2010.

    https://www.theriogenology.org/displ...barticlenbr=59
    Basis for Position on Mandatory Spay-Neuter in the Canine and Feline
    American College of Theriogneologists, 2013, Society for Theriogenology
    Note: The ACT and SFT oppose mandatory spay/neuter

    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=enPC...ature=youtu.be
    The Truth About Spaying and Neutering
    Dr. Karen Becker,

    https://www.caninesports.com/uploads...avma_study.pdf
    Evaluation of the risk and age of onset of cancer and behavioral disorders in gonadectomized Vizslas
    M. Christine Zink, DVM, PhD; Parvene Farhoody, MA; Samra E. Elser, BS;
    Lynda D. Ruffini; Tom A. Gibbons, MS; Randall H. Rieger, PhD


    https://sciencenordic.com/should-dogs-be-neutered
    Should Dogs Be Neutered?
    Ida Korneliussen in Science Nordic


    https://healthypets.mercola.com/site...neutering.aspx
    Don’t Neuter Your Dog YET – Read This Life-Saving Information First!
    Healthy Pets with Dr. Karen Becker

    https://royalcaninshelterprogram.nin...-pros-and-cons
    Spay and Neuter in dogs: Pros and cons!
    Posted by PRO Technical Services Emmanuel on March 15, 2013 (Dr. Emmanuel Fontaine DVM)

    Ovary Sparing Spay and Vasectomy Info Group on Facebook
    https://www.facebook.com/groups/alte...inginfo/files/



    List updated September 21, 2020

  2. The Following 5 Users Say Thank You to Snowshoe For This Useful Post:

    Berna (05-24-2014), MikeLynn (05-24-2014), ronmcq (05-01-2016), SunDance (05-24-2014), voodoo (05-24-2014)

  3. #2
    Senior Dog voodoo's Avatar
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    thats alot of reading/links!

    this is one of my favorite links on the subject-short easy read

    Health Risks and Benefits Associated with Spay/Neuter in Dogs
    Last edited by voodoo; 05-24-2014 at 02:27 PM.
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  4. #3
    Senior Dog Snowshoe's Avatar
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    Quote Originally Posted by voodoo View Post
    thats alot of reading/links!

    this is one of my favorite links on the subject-short easy read

    Health Risks and Benefits Associated with Spay/Neuter in Dogs
    LOL, that's the Sanborn article in a slightly different guise. First one I ever read and first one in the list. That's the one responsible for Oban being the man he is today.

 



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