Welcome! As your boy grows, he's getting more curious and wants to wander. As long as you're giving him plenty of exercise and attention when he's outside the crate, what you are describing is perfectly okay in terms of crate time. The crate should be just big enough for him to turn around and lay down. Don't make it any bigger, or he might start to eliminate in it.
He's also testing you and trying to train *you*. Don't give him any attention for barking in the crate, and don't let him out until he's quiet (and sometimes that can be like 1 second of quiet, but that counts!) The barking should stop soon, once he learns it isn't getting him what he wants.
PS and yes, barking can drive you crazy! When we were crate training Kimber, DH would go sit in his car with the radio on to drown out the noise! Hang in there, it gets better.